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Table 1
The 41 archaeal genomes included in the arCOGs
Species	Division	Lineage	Abbreviation	Genome size, Mb	Number of annotated protein-coding genes	OGT^a	Life style and other features	Ref^b	GenBank accession

Aeropyrum pernix	Crenarchaeota	Desulfurococcales	Aerpe	1.7	1700	90°C	Aerobic chemorganotroph, sulfur enhances growth	[60]	BA000002.3
Caldivirga maquilingensis IC-167	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Calma	2	1943	90°C	Moderate acidophile, heterotroph, anaerobe or microaerophyle		AAXQ00000000
Cenarchaeum symbiosum	Crenarchaeota	Cenarchaeales	Censy	2	2017	~10°C	Moderate psychrophile, uncultivated symbiont of sponges	[33]	DP000238
Hyperthermus butylicus	Crenarchaeota	Desulfurococcales	Hypbu	1.7	1602	>100°C	Hyperthermophilic neutrophile, anaerobe	[61]	CP000493.1
Pyrobaculum aerophilum	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Pyrae	2.2	2605	100°C	Facultative nitrate-reducing anaerobe	[62]	AE009441.1
Pyrobaculum calidifontis JCM 11548	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Pyrca	2	2149	100°C	Same as Pyrae	NA	CP000561.1
Pyrobaculum islandicum DSM 4184	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Pyris	1.8	1978	100°C	Same as Pyrae	NA	CP000504.1
Staphylothermus marinus F1	Crenarchaeota	Desulfurococcales	Stama	1.6	1570	80°C	Anaerobic submarine heterotroph	NA	CP000575.1
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639	Crenarchaeota	Sulfolobales	Sulac	2.2	2223	80°C	Aerobic thermoacidophile	[63]	CP000077.1
Sulfolobus solfataricus	Crenarchaeota	Sulfolobales	Sulso	3	2977	80°C	Sulfur-metabolizing chemorganotroph, thermoacidophilic, motile aerobe	[64]	AE006641.1
Sulfolobus tokodaii	Crenarchaeota	Sulfolobales	Sulto	2.7	2825	80°C	Same as Sulso	[65]	BA000023.2
Thermofilum pendens Hrk 5	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Thepe	1.8	1876	92°C	Acidophilic anaerobe	NA	CP000505.1
Thermoproteus tenax	Crenarchaeota	Thermoproteales	Thete	1.8	2021	96°C	Facultative hydrogen-sulfur authotroph, anaerobe	NA	n/a
Archaeoglobus fulgidus	Euryarchaeota	Archaeoglobales	Arcfu	2.2	2420	83°C	Motile, anaerobic, sulfate-reducing chemolito- or chemorgano- autothroph	[66]	AE000782.1
Haloarcula marismortui ATCC 43049	Euryarchaeota	Halobacteriales	Halma	4.3	4240	37°C	Chemoorganotrophic obligate halophile	[67]	AY596297.1
Halobacterium sp	Euryarchaeota	Halobacteriales	Halsp	2.6	2622	37°C	Aerobic chemorganotroph, obligate halophile, proteolytic, motile, with cell envelope; 2 extrachromosomal elements	[68]	AE004437.1
Haloquadratum walsbyi	Euryarchaeota	Halobacteriales	Halwa	3.2	2646	37°C	Halophilic, aerobic heterotroph	[69]	AM180088.1
Methano-thermobacter thermo-autotrophicus	Euryarchaeota	Methanobacteriales	Metth	1.8	1873	65°C	Chemolitoautothroph, strict anaerobe, nitrogen-fixing methanogen	[70]	AE000666.1
Methanococcoides burtonii DSM 6242	Euryarchaeota	Methanosarcinales	Metbu	2.6	2273	23°C	Psychrotolerant, strictly anaerobic, slightly halophilic methylotroph	NA	CP000300.1
Methanocaldo-coccus jannaschii	Euryarchaeota	Methanococcales	Metja	1.7	1786	85°C	Chemolito-autothrophic, strictly anaerobic, motile methanogen, 2 extrachromosomal elements	[71]	L77117.1
Methanococcus maripaludis C5	Euryarchaeota	Methanococcales	MetmC	1.8	1822	37°C	Mesophilic hydrogenotrophic, nitrogen-fixing methanogen	[72]	CP000609.1
Methanococcus maripaludis S2	Euryarchaeota	Methanococcales	Metmp	1.7	1722	37°C	same as MetmC	NA	BX950229.1
Methanocorpusculum labreanum Z	Euryarchaeota	Methanomicrobiales	Metla	1.8	1739	37°C	Strictly anaerobic, CO₂fixing methanogen	NA	CP000559.1
Methanoculleus marisnigri JR1	Euryarchaeota	Methanomicrobiales	Metcu	2.5	2489	37°C	Strictly anaerobic methanogen	NA	CP000562.1
Methanopyrus kandleri	Euryarchaeota	Methanopyrales	Metka	1.7	1687	110°C	Chemolito-autothrophic, strictly anaerobic, methanogen, high intracellular salt concentration	[41]	AE009439.1
Methanosaeta thermophila PT	Euryarchaeota	Methanosarcinales	Metsa	1.9	1696	60°C	Strictly anaerobic methanogen	NA	CP000477.1
Methanosarcina acetivorans	Euryarchaeota	Methanosarcinales	Metac	5.8	4540	37°C	Chemolito-autothrophic, anaerobic, nitrogen-fixing, versatile methanogen, motile, forms multicellular structures	[73]	AE010299.1
Methanosarcina barkeri fusaro	Euryarchaeota	Methanosarcinales	Metba	4.8	3624	37°C	Same as Mac	[74]	CP000099.1
Methanosarcina mazei	Euryarchaeota	Methanosarcinales	Metma	4.1	3370	37°C	Same as Mac	[75]	AE008384.1
Methanosphaera stadtmanae	Euryarchaeota	Methanobacteriales	Metst	1.8	1534	37°C	Methanogen, human intestinal inhabitant	[76]	CP000102.1
Methanospirillum hungatei JF-1	Euryarchaeota	Methanomicrobiales	Methu	3.5	3139	37°C	Strictly anaerobic methanogen	NA	CP000254.1
Natronomonas pharaonis	Euryarchaeota	Halobacteriales	Natph	2.8	2822	37°C	Extreme haloalkaliphile	[77]	CR936257.1
Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790	Euryarchaeota	Thermoplasmales	Picto	1.6	1535	65°C	Extremely acidophilic moderate thermophile	[78]	AE017261.1
Pyrococcus abyssi	Euryarchaeota	Thermococcales	Pyrab	1.8	1898	96°C	Same as Pho	[79]	AL096836.1
Pyrococcus furiosus	Euryarchaeota	Thermococcales	Pyrfu	1.9	2125	96°C	Same as Pho	[80]	AE009950.1
Pyrococcus horikoshii	Euryarchaeota	Thermococcales	Pyrho	1.7	1955	96°C	Anaerobic, motile heterotroph	[81]	BA000001.2
Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1	Euryarchaeota	Thermococcales	Theko	2.1	2306	85°C	Anaerobic heterotroph	[82]	AP006878.1
Thermoplasma acidophilum	Euryarchaeota	Thermoplasmales	Theac	1.6	1482	59°C	Chemorganotrophic, thermoacidophilic, motile facultative anaerobe	[83]	AL139299.1
Thermoplasma volcanium	Euryarchaeota	Thermoplasmales	Thevo	1.6	1499	60°C	Same as Tac	[84]	BA000011.4
Uncultured methanogenic archaeon	Euryarchaeota	?	Uncme	3.2	3085	37°C	Methanogen isolated from rice rhizosphere	NA	AM114193.2
Nanoarchaeum equitans	Nanoarchaeota	?	Naneq	0.5	536	80°C	Obligate symbiont of the crenarchaeon Ignicoccus	[30]	AE017199.1

^aOGT, optimal growth temperature ^bOnly the references that report the complete genome of the respective species and its initial analysis are cited
Makarova et al. Biology Direct 2007 2:33 doi:10.1186/1745-6150-2-33

Table 1